Hypertension is the condition of the body in which the vessels are constantly experiencing increased blood pressure: systolic blood pressure is equal to or exceeding 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure or above 90 mm Hg.
The diagnosis of "hypertension" is made in cases where, according to the measurement of pressure made on two different days, the value of systolic pressure in both days or more than 140 mm RT. Art. And/or the value of diastolic pressure in both days or more than 90 mm Hg. Art.
The danger of this condition lies in the risk of damage to the heart or blood vessels in other organs, such as the brain and kidneys.
Important: Hypertension is the most importantPreventionCauses of heart disease and stroke around the world
Uncontrolled hypertension can cause heart attack, increase in liver and, eventually, to heart failure. Development (aneurysm) can develop in the blood vessels and places that are exposed where the blood vessels are more likely to be clogged and torn. Pressure in the blood vessels can cause bleeding in the brain and the development of stroke. Hypertension can also cause kidney failure, blindness and cognitive disorders.
Hypertension is called "quiet killer. " Most patients with hypertension do not suspect the problem, as hypertension often does not provide an emergency signal and continues without symptoms.
We invite everyone to use a medical program to evaluate the condition of your cardiovascular system and seek the advice of all the necessary experts.
Risk factors for hypertension development
Stress, mental and mental work
Studies show that hypertension is more often the person is ill whose activities are important to be associated with persistent nerve overstrain. So, for example, in the population of large megacities, hypertension is far more common than people living in rural areas.
Hypertension and stress are closely related, so it is necessary to treat both diseases.
Every fourth and every fifth woman in the world, blood pressure rises
Studies show that hypertension is more often the person is ill whose activities are important to be associated with persistent nerve overstrain. So, for example, in the population of large megacities, hypertension is far more common than people living in rural areas.
Hypertension and stress are closely related, so it is necessary to treat both diseases.Complications of hypertension are the cause of 9. 4 million annual deaths in the world (WHO)
Hypodynamia
Hypodynamia is a decrease in muscle load due to an inactive lifestyle. A modern city residents are not involved in physical labor, prefer to use vehicles even at short distances, rather than walking, and spending their free time on computers or TVs. Only 1 % are involved in recreational sports and 5 % of morning gymnastics.
As a result, such a way of life leads to significant changes in all body life support systems, especially cardiovascular and nerves.
The combination of hypodynamia and stress makes one very exposed to hypertension and its complications. Adrenaline, produced at a time of pressure, stimulates the production of glucocorticoids, which in turn stimulates blood sugar increases and increases blood pressure.
In non -moving organisms, adrenaline and sugar are not "burning" with energy release, remain in the bloodstream for a long time and lead not only for a long pressure, but also heart attacks and stroke.
Overweight
To determine if there is excess weight or not, they use the body mass index. It is calculated as a weight loss ratio of pounds to one square of growth in meters. If the yield exceeds 25 kg/square meter at young and 27 kg/square meter in older people, but not exceeding 30 kg/sq. M, this means that there is weight gain. If the index index exceeds 30 kg/sq. M, so in this case we talk about clinically spoken obesity.
More than half of patients with hypertension experience obesity.
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease where excess fat accumulation in adipose tissue is observed.
Many scientific studies have shown that an overdose of 5-10% excess fat leads to increased blood pressure, and increased control over the disease.
Losing every 5 kg of weight can help reduce systolic blood pressure by 2-10 points.
Other risk factors
Unhealthy diets -excessive use of salt, saturated fat content and trans fat in foods, use of vegetables and inadequate fruits. As well as the use of tobacco and alcohol.
Increased uncontrolled risk factors include hereditary tendencies, age and joint disease, such as diabetes or kidney disease.
The prevention of hypertension
Every adult should control his blood pressure. If the pressure increases, you should consult your doctor.
Less than one fifth hypertension controls their condition
People with high blood pressure, who also have high blood sugar, increased blood cholesterol or kidney problems increased at the risk of heart attack and stroke. Therefore, it is important to constantly check blood sugar levels, blood cholesterol and protein levels in the urine.
To minimize the risk of high blood pressure and its adverse effects, everyone can take a few steps:
Mental balance
Good soul and positive emotional state are an indispensable condition for maintaining health. What is important for patients with hypertension or is exposed to its development, as the disease is directly related to insufficient response to stress.
It is necessary to learn how to manage stress in a healthy way such as meditation, various types of psychotherapy and positive social relationships.
Cardiologists: neurologists, psychotherapists, cardiologists will provide comprehensive and teaching suggestions for stress.
Walking in a fairy forest around sanatorium and outdoor activities will give you a good charge. Introduction to local attractions will give you a spiritual balance.
Physical activity
The second component of hypertension prevention is sufficient motor activity, without that we all experience hypodynamia manifestations to different levels.
For the townspeople, it will be optimal to walk daily at least 1 hour in the forest garden zone.
At the Cardiological Cleanliness Center, under the program, walking, mechanotherapy at the gym, the Aquaerobic Group in the pool was held as part of the program, and the city -based competition was held.
Patients who have shown the disease should be involved in physiotherapy training.
It is necessary to comply with the rational replacement regime of labor and rest. Any kind of hard work is not allowed, both mental and physical.
Healthy physiological dreams are very important, where the body is from all burden. Patients in the early stages of hypertension should sleep at least 8-9 hours a day.
A healthy diet
In the prevention of hypertension, proper nutrition or diet with a clinical form of disease is very important.
Carbohydrate
Here you should give priority to vegetables and fruits, as this will allow you to receive sufficient amounts of fiber, vitamins and minerals.
Squirrel
When choosing protein, you should reject or limit meat products in favor of dairy and vegetables.
Fat
The amount of fat intake should be reduced. Try replacing animal fat with vegetables, and in animal fats should be more fish.
Medicines for patients with hypertension can be a diet with table salt restrictions. No more than 5 g (slightly less than one teaspoon) is allowed daily, which greatly facilitates control of blood pressure.
Maintains normal body weight
Losing excess weight or obesity treatment is a major factor that can cause satisfactory control over blood pressure and even in some cases leave the last drug correction.
An effective way to normalize weight is diet therapy and a variety of physical activity.
The rejection of bad habits
If a person is exposed to alcohol in large doses, smoking, then the risk of hypertension increases repeatedly.
Alcohol acceptance promotes peripheral vessels and increased pressure due to the growth of vascular resistance.
After smoking, cholesterol levels increase, due to the intake of large amounts of adrenaline and norepinephrine from the adrenal gland. There are also medical terms - nicotine hypertension.
Physical methods for the prevention of development and improvement of hypertension
Hydrotherapy
Aquatic water (hydrotherapy) is a strong method of healing, prevention and treatment of hypertension. Water can affect the body as temperature, mechanical or chemical stimulation, and the choice depends on the need for certain exposure factors.
The temperature factor is the most important in choosing hydrotherapy. Skin capillaries develop and narrow in response to the effects of various temperatures. In this case, there is an increase in blood flow or its decrease. Cold water also leads to moisture and increased heart contraction and increases blood pressure. Hot water reduces pressure, accelerates heart rate and weakens heart contraction
Often, to prevent increased hypertension, indifference water water is used, which is shown for excessive nervous excitement, irritation, heart disease, insomnia.
Hydrotherapy procedures for level III hypertension are contraindicated.
Before using the water procedure as a treatment, you should consult your doctor.
For hypertension I-II levels, rain, dust and shower are used using indifferent or warm water with moderate pressure of water jets.
Bathing can be normal and local, for hypertension, it is used for therapeutic and prevention purposes. Medical baths for hypertension are limited to the use of conifer extracts.
Drug electrophoresis
This is the use of galvanic current for the purpose of non -intestinal administration that does not interact from various drugs. Under the influence of galvanic current, drug ions enter the skin and are delayed under the anode area, which creates a type of drug depot. Medicines enter the bloodstream slowly, which increases its effect on the body. The body also affects the positive effects of galvanic current.
Electrophoresis is indicated in the early stages of hypertension. In stage III, it is contraindicated. Contraindications are neoplasms, the process of acute inflammation from any localization, impaired blood clotting process, atherosclerosis mentioned, decompensated disease of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, pregnancy, individual intolerance to galvanic current.
Special centers use a variety of physiotherapy under expert control.
Medical Physical Education (Training Therapy)
Media Physical Education is used at all levels of hypertension for the prevention of hypertension crisis and disease complications. It includes the kind of affordable physical exercise - walking, morning gymnastics, terrain, and swimming.
"Physical training can replace many drugs, but not one drug in the world can replace physical training"
The best preventive methods are gymnastics or morning charging, which allows you to provide the body for labor days, stimulating the process of blood circulation nerves and the reactivity of the vascular system as a whole.
If the disease has developed, then you should add daily therapeutic gymnastics complex to morning gymnastics.
These centers run individual classes and physiotherapy training groups under the guidance of professional training therapy teachers.
Drug therapy
The selection of medicines for the treatment and prevention of hypertension enlargement should be done only by the doctor.
Drug therapy becomes necessary in the second stage of the disease, when blood pressure reaches a significant indication with normal measurement.
The basic principle isindividualThe choice of antihypertensive drugs for each patient.
Dear readers, articles are an introduction. Before applying for a recommendation, you should consult your doctor.